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– It contains too much salt
– Birds can't digest bread : it causes bloating in the stomach
– Gluten causes liver disease
– It causes bone problems, causing a malformation of the wings called "angel wings" which prevents them from flying
– Birds are losing the habit of feeding alone in the wild
– Some individuals (swans, ducks…) change their behavior and can become aggressive near the feeding place
Daylight is not a problem for most birds. But be careful, under no circumstances should the light be left on at night. (I stalled so that they are extinguished soon enough before the installation of the birds for the night). Conversely, studies have shown that turning on lights at night has a negative impact on the reproductive cycle of birds.
Do not place nest boxes too close to each other, because the risk is that the birds will end up without enough food during the feeding phase of the young. The rule to observe is only two nest boxes for 1000 m2 (minimum 25 m of spacing between two nest boxes). It is possible to deviate slightly from this rule by installing nesting boxes for several different species.
There is no rush because some birds can reuse the same nest box for a second brood (like tits). Clean it in the fall, taking certain precautions as indicated here https://lejardindeloiseaubleu.blogspot.com/2019/05/les-etapes-du-nettoyage-dun-nichoir.html
Yes,
To be a support throughout the year in the face of the lack of food and in particular insects whose population is experiencing a significant decline due to pesticides.
To make life easier for parent birds. During the nesting period, young parents, (like great tits), sometimes do more than 500 back and forth to the nest box to bring back caterpillars or larvae to feed the young. By allowing them breaks on the feeders with a healthy and adapted diet, the parents are allowed to be satisfied and to be in good shape until the departure of the juveniles.
Never, this forces the bird to feed on the feeder. Birds are opportunists : they eat what nature offers them. When a tree has no more berries because all the birds have eaten them … they simply change trees. Birds are always free to come or not on the feeders.
In addition, birds have an instinct that pushes them to feed on fresh and living food adapted to the needs of the moment and to what nature gives them, they will always prefer nature to the supplementary foods that we offer them outside of winter.
If our help in winter has become important, she can remain a support outside this period. The United States and Great Britain have a long-standing habit, to feed the birds all year round and the birds did not become obese, neither dependent.
Recent studies show that since 1989, the number of insects and therefore the main source of food for birds has decreased by 76%. Insect loss is, Moreover, higher in summer -82 % compared to 1889 .
The main reason for this is industrial agriculture due to the shortage of animal and plant friendly areas, widespread application of environmental toxins such as pesticides and over-fertilization. These are some of the reasons many wild bird species are in decline . In addition, due to the rearing of young birds, the energy needs of birds in summer are higher than in winter. Well-known ornithologists therefore say that feeding is necessary all year round and even more important in summer than in winter..
Sadly, there is still often the misconception that wild birds should only be fed in winter and that year-round feeding harms birds. Europe's largest wild bird protection organization, «RSPB», has been expressly advocating for a year-round diet for many years. German Association for the Protection of Animals, MAP, the WWF are in favor of feeding wild birds all year round.
* The pool is equipped with a water reserve of 80 L.
* A pump of 4000 l/h (estimated setting 2500 l/h) ensures the mixing.
* Filtration is achieved through open cell mechanical foam filtration, then the water is treated on a UV lamp before being raised in the upper part (jacuzzi).
* In winter, a heating resistor maintains a temperature > 3°C
* The bathing areas have a variable height between 2 and 5 cm to give confidence to the birds .
* The place where the water is reinjected into the pond, “the hot tub”, is very popular for swimming.
It is peanut butter in which different seeds are incorporated, it is a popular dish for birds.
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Among the clues that tits use to decide when to lay their eggs, we can, among other things, cite the temperature, day length, rainfall.
Temperature directly influences tree phenology, i.e. their seasonal rhythms, and thus the phenology of the caterpillars – the main food resource of the chicks.
Chickadees must adapt their laying date so that the hatching of chicks coincides with the peak of insect abundance.
The chicks do not know how to swallow water and the risk is that it ends up in their lungs. So if you have to raise birds that have fallen from the nest, never give water by pipette, young birds will quench their thirst on the food provided only.
There are many interpretations, but in no case, tits only try to enlarge the hole.
Pecking around the entrance hole seems to be part of the chickadees' courtship, but it also serves to show other birds that the nest box is already spotted or occupied.
The male spots several places, then he invites the female there and it is she who chooses and validates the place.
When the bird stings around the hole, he is making noise, and it also allows him to share his pride in having found a shelter.
The language of birds has not yet been completely deciphered by ornithologists.
When we study the approach of the birds we can see that they land directly at the edge of the flight hole, if a perch is added, the bird has to contort itself to enter the nest box. A perch is therefore totally unnecessary ! It's even dangerous, because it could become the ideal place for predators looking to enter the nest box to devour the young !
The oil gland ? Many birds have one, but some don't, (pigeons, we promise you many new features from our connected nesting boxes. In the meantime, view the feeding stations and operational nesting boxes here) . This gland is located at the base of the rump and secretes a substance composed of fatty substances, waxes and vitamin D, that the bird distributes over its plumage during dedicated sessions.
The substance is hydrophobic and makes the plumage waterproof. It can trap substances or deteriorate over time. The bird therefore regularly needs to renew this protective layer.. Nevertheless, it cannot be removed with water. This is why the bird resorts to dust bathing : to mechanically remove, by friction, the old protective layer.
The feathers can then receive a new layer.
Non, fatty foods are even more important in summer than in winter.
The mass of insects has decreased considerably in recent years
The distance birds have to fly to find insects increases as insect abundance decreases.
The basic supply of birds can only be managed with an increased amount of energy.
In order to cover this increased energy requirement, parent birds often fly to feeding stations and eat mostly fatty foods there so that they can continue to gather the flight energy needed for the energy-intensive rearing of young birds.
Fatty foods are mainly used for energy supply, because they provide more energy than proteins
Even if other foods are available at feeding stations, the need and consumption of fatty foods is several times higher in summer.
Digestive problems in young birds ?
A common argument for not offering fatty foods in the summer is that young birds cannot digest fatty foods..
This question does not arise at all and is also far from relevant.
Newly hatched chicks (chicks) are almost exclusively fed by their parents with live foods high in protein, i.e. living insects.
Only when there are almost no insects left in the area, i.e. the brood is immediately threatened with starvation, that parent birds provide their chicks with food from feeding stations to ensure their survival.
The problem then is not that fatty foods are offered, but the protein needs of the nestlings can no longer be met.
This means that in spring and summer, fatty food must of course be offered to the parent birds.
In months when there are few insects, However, live insects should also be offered at the feeding place if possible to ensure brood survival.
Live mealworms from the pet store are a good choice.
Recommended by experienced birders
Peter Berthold, long-time ornithologist and director of the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology in Radolfzell : “Throughout the summer months, fat balls and peanuts remain popular as cheap energy sources for parent birds, who are very busy with the brood.
Both should be kept in stock in sufficient quantities [we promise you many new features from our connected nesting boxes. In the meantime, view the feeding stations and operational nesting boxes here].
Fatty food mixes are often the favorite foods during the summer months.
[…] The guiding principle is: : summer and winter foods are largely the same, and a lot of fat should also be offered in the summer […].”
Proper storage
Foods containing fat, like balls of suet, become rancid at high temperatures.
Greasy pellets left in the heat for a long time then start to smell bad and the birds no longer eat them.
SO, if you are just starting to feed and you do not yet know what your intake will be in the next few weeks, you should buy fresh fatty foods more often as needed and avoid long storage in hot rooms.
Lorsque l’oiseau se prépare à dormir ou à rester inactif, il ébouriffe ses 1500 plumes (une moyenne !) qui vont ainsi se gonfler et le transformer en une grosse boule d’où n’émergent que les pattes (ou une seule alternativement) et le bec qui sont deux sources de déperdition de chaleur. Raison pour laquelle les oiseaux dorment la tête cachée dans les ailes à respirer l’air chaud et ramassés sur eux même pour protéger aussi les pattes.
Les oiseaux sont des animaux à sang chaud et endothermes, c’est-à-dire qu’ils produisent leur propre chaleur par leur métabolisme : or quand il fait froid, elle a tendance à se dissiper car leur surface corporelle est proportionnellement importante par rapport à leur taille. Or cela peut être mortel quand les ressources alimentaires disponibles sont rares, ce qui est souvent le cas en hiver.
Pour résister au froid, ils bénéficient de plusieurs adaptations morphologiques (plumage et graisse sous-cutanée) et physiologiques (circulation sanguine et structure cellulaire), mais ils peuvent aussi adopter un comportement adéquat (trouver un abri nocturne, se serrer les uns contre les autres, migrer, rentrer en torpeur ou même hiberner).
La salmonellose
Elle est causée par une bactérie du genre Salmonella. Elle est difficile à déceler car les symptômes peuvent varier en fonction de l’organe atteint : outre qu’ils ont le plumage gonflé et ébouriffé, les oiseaux peuvent sembler léthargiques et se laissent approcher facilement, ils peuvent avoir les paupières enflées, présenter des signes de dépression ou être amaigris.
Attention, ils peuvent être porteurs sains, capables de contaminer les autres oiseaux, il ne faut donc pas attendre de voir des oiseaux malades pour observer les mesures d’hygiène préconisées ci-dessous.
La propagation de la maladie se fait par la nourriture ou l’eau contaminée par les fientes d’individus infectés, ou de la nourriture contaminée par d’autres sources, ou par contact entre individus.
Cette maladie est une zoonose, c’est-à-dire qu’elle peut contaminer les animaux domestiques comme le chat, et aussi l’Homme.
La coccidiose, la lankestérellose
Très fréquentes dans les élevages, ces deux maladies parasitaires des intestins peuvent atteindre plus rarement les oiseaux sauvages. La première est véhiculée par les poux rouges, la seconde, appelée également “maladie du gros foie” car elle provoque l’hypertrophie du foie, est véhiculée par les poux ou les moustiques.
Des excroissances sur les pattes
Plusieurs maladies provoquent des excroissances variées, les plus courantes (papillomatose et gale des pattes) ressemblent à des masses de nourriture restées collées aux pattes. La poxvirose atteint aussi les pattes.
La poxvirose ou variole aviaire
C’est une infection causée par des virus de la famille des Poxviradae et du genre Avipoxvirus.
Elle touche de nombreuses espèces d’oiseaux sauvages, merle noir, corneille noire, pinson des arbres, verdier d’Europe, chardonneret élégant, accenteur mouchet, moineau domestique, étourneau sansonnet… La mésange charbonnière est touchée par une forme particulière de poxvirose qui se traduit par des nodules verruqueux impressionnants.
Il existe une forme “sèche” et une forme “humide”.
C’est la forme sèche qui est la plus visible et qui provoque des nodules cutanés ou pustules sur les zones faiblement emplumées : autour des yeux et du bec, sur les pattes, sur les ailes. L’incubation dure de quelques jours à plusieurs mois. Dans la nature, la plupart du temps les oiseaux faiblement atteints arrivent à récupérer. Mais ils sont rendus très vulnérables à la prédation du fait des effets des nodules sur la vision, et ils sont affaiblis par des difficultés à se nourrir. En outre, les nodules peuvent entraîner une infection bactérienne ou fongique secondaire.
La forme humide se transmet par inhalation du virus. Elle provoque l’apparition d’une membrane diphtérique au niveau de la bouche, du pharynx, du larynx et parfois de la trachée. Le risque de mortalité est plus élevé que pour la forme sèche.
On peut constater d’autres symptômes : affaiblissement, amaigrissement, conjonctivite.
La maladie est contagieuse par contact direct entre les oiseaux ou par un arthropode vecteur, par exemple le moustique.
La maladie n’est pas transmissible à l’Homme.
Et les tiques ?
Les tiques sont un vecteur de maladies. Elles transportent d’un animal à l’autre tout un cocktail de bactéries, virus et autres microorganismes, and, même dans le cas où elles ne transmettent pas de maladie, elles affaiblissent les passereaux par la quantité de sang prélevé.
Le trouble de la kératine aviaire
C’est une malformation du bec se traduisant par un bec anormalement long pouvant parfois atteindre des dimensions qui nuisent à l’espèce. Cette pathologie découverte récemment est due à la surproduction de kératine recouvrant l’os du bec des oiseaux atteints, principalement les mésanges et les corneilles, mais également au sein d’une trentaine d’espèces.
in the center of the video.
is very red ; yes not, click on it (it may take a few seconds to return to live).
to choose the highest number possible (if your internet connection allows it, otherwise leave in 'Auto').
, going back up to 12 o'clock ! The button
turns gray.
